Relaxation of this muscle is required for full penile protrusion and erection. The muscle(s) circumvent the rectum and continue to their attachment on the lateral and urethral surfaces of the penis. Define: Retractor Penis Muscle Pair of smooth muscles originating on the ventral surface of the first few caudal vertebrae. During sexual excitation and erection, the sigmoid flexure disappears when the penis straightens. ![]() Define: Sigmoid Flexure The s-shaped curvature of the flaccid fibroelastic penis when it is retracted into the body. ![]() Define: Base The proximal portion of the penis that is attached to the floor of the pelvis by a suspensory ligament in larger species. Define: Cryptorchid An individual in which the testes have failed to descend into the scrotum and remain in the abdominal cavity. Define: Androgen Class of substances (usually steroids) that promote development of male secondary sex characteristics and function of the male reproductive tract. Define: Gubernaculums A connective tissue cord attaching the testes to the base of the scrotum. Define: Shaft The portion of the penis between the base and the glans. Define: Glans Penis The anatomically specialized, highly sensitive distal end of the penis. Define: Urethral Gland Prostatic tissue diffusely distributed within the walls of the pelvic urethra. Define: Spermatozoa The male gamete consisting of a head (nucleus) and tail (flagellum) that exhibits motility when exposed to the appropriate physiologic environment. Define: Prostate Gland One of the accessory sex glands of the male consisting of a body that is outside of the pelvic urethra and.or a disseminate portion that forms a glandular layer in the wall of the pelvic urethra. Secrete a portion of the seminal plasma into the pelvic urethra. Define: Vesicular Glands Paired accessory sex glands located lateral to the ductus deferens and dorsal to the pelvic urethra. The blood in the veins is cooler and cools the arterial blood which will good the testes. Heat exchange occurs as arteries go to the testes, their folds pass through a network of veins. ![]() Define: Pampiniform Plexus Provides a countercurrent heat exchange mechanism for the testes. Define: Tunica Dartos Muscle Layer of smooth muscle that is component of the scrotum that controls contraction and relaxation of the scrotum. Define: Primary Spermatocyte The daughter cells of spermatogenesis that enter the first meiotic prophase and will give rise to secondary spermatocyte.
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